List of countries by research and development spending
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This is a list of countries by research and development (R&D) spending in real terms and as per latest data available.
List[edit]
Only those nations which annually spend more than 50 million dollars have been included. The world's total nominal R&D spending was approximately one trillion dollars in 2010.[1]
See also[edit]
- List of companies by research and development spending
- List of countries by number of scientific and technical journal articles
- List of U.S. states by research and development spending
- Science of science policy
- Science policy
References[edit]
- ^ "- Royal Society" (PDF). royalsociety.org.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "OECD data: Gross domestic spending on R&D".
- ^ "2016 Global R&D Funding Forecast" (PDF). iriweb.org.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) | Data". data.worldbank.org. Retrieved 2017-02-28.
- ^ "Australian Bureau of Statistics – Gross Expenditure on R&D (GERD)". www.abs.gov.au. Archived from the original on 2015-10-28. Retrieved 2016-02-10.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Research and development (R&D) – Gross domestic spending on R&D – OECD Data". data.oecd.org. Retrieved 2016-02-10.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "How Much Does Your Country Invest in R&D?". UNESCO.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z "Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)". World Bank. Retrieved 2016-02-09.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Science, technology and innovation". UNESCO.
- ^ "Inversión en I+D". Argentina.gob.ar. Retrieved 2020-11-07.
- ^ a b c d "UNESCO science report, 2010: the current status of science around the world; 2010" (PDF). Retrieved 2018-07-24.
- ^ "2012 Global R&D Funding Forecast: R&D Spending Growth Continues While Globalization Accelerates". 16 December 2011.
- ^ "Data" (PDF). www.natureasia.com.
- ^ vietnamnet.vn. "How much does Vietnam spend on R&D? – News VietNamNet". english.vietnamnet.vn. Retrieved 2016-02-10.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "File:Gross domestic expenditure on R&D, 2003–13 (% of GDP) YB15.png – Statistics Explained". ec.europa.eu.
- ^ "مصاحبه تفصیلی فارس با قائممقام معاون تحقیقات وزارت بهداشت/۱ رشد علمی کشور پارسال منفی شد/ تحقیقات پزشکی بدون بودجه درجا میزند". Farsnews.com. Retrieved 2018-07-24.
- ^ "TD052: Research and development expenditures and their financing from state and local budgets". Eesti Statistkaamet. Retrieved 2018-11-13.